English-Present Perfect Tense

 Present Perfect Basics

and more

Present Perfect Tense:

The Present Perfect tense is used to describe an action or event that happened in the past but has a connection to the present. It is formed by using the auxiliary verb "have" or "has" followed by the past participle of the main verb.

Positive Form:

Subject + have/has + past participle

Negative Form:

Subject + have/has + not + past participle

Question Form:

Have/Has + subject + past participle?

Here are some examples to illustrate these forms:

Positive Form:

I have eaten lunch.

She has finished her homework.

They have traveled to Europe.

Negative Form:

I have not seen that movie.

He has not visited his parents.

We have not received the package.

Question Form:

Have you studied for the test?

Has he finished his work?

Have they been to that restaurant before?

Remember, the auxiliary verb "have" is used with plural subjects (I, you, we, they), and "has" is used with singular subjects (he, she, it). The past participle of regular verbs is formed by adding "-ed" to the base form of the verb. Irregular verbs have their own specific past participle forms.

The past participle is the 3 form for irregular verbs 

You are correct, my apologies for the oversight. For irregular verbs, the past participle is indeed the third form. Irregular verbs do not follow the regular "-ed" pattern for forming the past participle. Instead, they have their own specific forms. Here are some examples of irregular verbs and their corresponding past participles:

eat (base form) -> eaten (past participle)

go (base form) -> gone (past participle)

take (base form) -> taken (past participle)

see (base form) -> seen (past participle)

write (base form) -> written (past participle)

So, in the present perfect tense, when using irregular verbs, you would use the past participle form as follows:

Positive Form:

Subject + have/has + past participle

Negative Form:

Subject + have/has + not + past participle

Question Form:

Have/Has + subject + past participle?

Here are some examples with irregular verbs:

Positive Form:

I have eaten dinner.

She has gone to the store.

They have taken the exam.

Negative Form:

I have not seen him recently.

He has not written the report yet.

We have not gone on vacation.

Question Form:

Have you ever been to Paris?

Has he seen that movie?

Have they written the letters?

Thank you for pointing out the correction!

Where to use second  forms of irregular verbs

The second form of irregular verbs, also known as the past simple or preterite form, is used to describe completed actions in the past. Here are some common situations where the second form of irregular verbs is used:

Past Actions: The second form is used to talk about specific actions or events that happened and were completed in the past.

Example: "She ate a delicious meal last night."

Past Habits: The second form can be used to describe actions that were habitual or repeated in the past.

Example: "He always went for a run in the morning."

Narrating Stories: When telling a story or narrating past events, the second form is commonly used to indicate the sequence of actions.

Example: "Once upon a time, there lived a brave knight who fought dragons."

Past States or Conditions: The second form can be used to describe a state or condition that existed in the past.

Example: "She was happy when she received the news."

It's important to note that the second form of irregular verbs is not used in the present perfect tense. In that tense, we use the past participle form of irregular verbs, as mentioned earlier.

Here are some examples of irregular verbs in their second form:

eat (base form) -> ate (second form)

go (base form) -> went (second form)

take (base form) -> took (second form)

see (base form) -> saw (second form)

write (base form) -> wrote (second form)

I hope this helps clarify the usage of the second forms of irregular verbs in the past tense!

'She was happy' - grammar 

The phrase "She was happy" is an example of the past simple tense, also known as the past simple or preterite tense. In this sentence, "was" is the past tense form of the verb "to be," and "happy" is an adjective describing the subject "she." The past simple tense is used to talk about completed actions or states that occurred in the past and are no longer ongoing.

a reminder of the simple past tense construction

The simple past tense is used to describe completed actions that occurred at a specific time in the past. In English, the simple past tense is typically formed by adding the suffix "-ed" to regular verbs. However, irregular verbs have their own specific forms.

Here is the general construction of the simple past tense:

Positive Form:

Subject + verb (past tense form)

Negative Form:

Subject + did not (didn't) + base form of the verb

Question Form:

Did + subject + base form of the verb?

Here are some examples using regular and irregular verbs:

Positive Form (Regular Verb):

I walked to the park.

She played the piano.

They watched a movie.

Positive Form (Irregular Verb):

I went to the party.

He ate dinner.

We saw a beautiful sunset.

Negative Form:

I did not (didn't) see him yesterday.

She did not (didn't) study for the test.

They did not (didn't) go on vacation.

Question Form:

Did you see that movie?

Did he finish his work?

Did they visit their grandparents?

Remember that regular verbs form their simple past tense by adding "-ed" to the base form of the verb, while irregular verbs have their own specific past tense forms that do not follow a regular pattern.

I hope this serves as a helpful reminder for constructing the simple past tense!

 the base form, past tense (simple past), and past participle forms of 20 commonly used verbs:

Be:

Base form: be

Past tense: was/were

Past participle: been

Have:

Base form: have

Past tense: had

Past participle: had

Do:

Base form: do

Past tense: did

Past participle: done

Say:

Base form: say

Past tense: said

Past participle: said

Go:

Base form: go

Past tense: went

Past participle: gone

Get:

Base form: get

Past tense: got

Past participle: gotten (US), got (UK)

Make:

Base form: make

Past tense: made

Past participle: made

Know:

Base form: know

Past tense: knew

Past participle: known

Take:

Base form: take

Past tense: took

Past participle: taken

See:

Base form: see

Past tense: saw

Past participle: seen

Come:

Base form: come

Past tense: came

Past participle: come

Think:

Base form: think

Past tense: thought

Past participle: thought

Give:

Base form: give

Past tense: gave

Past participle: given

Find:

Base form: find

Past tense: found

Past participle: found

Tell:

Base form: tell

Past tense: told

Past participle: told

Become:

Base form: become

Past tense: became

Past participle: become

Show:

Base form: show

Past tense: showed

Past participle: shown

Leave:

Base form: leave

Past tense: left

Past participle: left

Feel:

Base form: feel

Past tense: felt

Past participle: felt

Bring:

Base form: bring

Past tense: brought

Past participle: brought

Please note that verb forms can vary between American English and British English. The past participle "gotten" is commonly used in American English, while "got" is more prevalent in British English.

Past tense: was/were-were is for plural 

The past tense of the verb "to be" is "was" for the singular subjects (I, he, she, it) and "were" for the plural subjects (you, we, they). Here are the correct forms:

Be:

Base form: be

Past tense (singular): was

Past tense (plural): were

Past participle: been